Unsatisfied with the picture of the atom being developed by Ernest Rutherford, a Danish physicist began to apply the new concepts developed by Plank and Einstein to the problem of atomic structure.

In which of the following links is there a discussion of the the history of atomic structure, and the physicist that made the final, important breakthrough?

Sodium chloride crystals are held in a unique shape by the forces holding one atom to another. These forces are present because of the way in which electrons have been redistributed between the sodium atoms and the chlorine atoms.

In which of the following links is a reason for this arrangement discussed and why the electrons have been moved between atoms?

Tiny atomic forces can have very great consequences. Hydrogen bonds are the weakest forces of interaction between molecules, but the sum of all the hydrogen bonds in a glass of water gives that substance some remarkable properties.

In which of the following links are these properties described and the reason for them explained?

Electrons surrounding the atom are only to be found in very levels of energy called electrons shells or energy levels. The number and position of electrons within these "shells" gives the atoms it's chemical properties.

In which of the following links is the relationship between energy and electrons discussed?