Mendelian Genetics

1) A phenotypic trait is often a small part of the physical structure of an organism, such as the color of the flower of a plant. (True / False)

2) Mendel used pea plants for his breeding experiments that were almost the same, but differed in one small part of their phenotype (True / False)

3) He picked traits that were easily distinguished from one another, such as red and white flowers. (True / False)

4) In adult plants, each trait studied by Mendel is coded for by a collection of genes (3,4,or 5). (True / False)

5) Geneticists use letters to represent genes, R = normal gene for red flowers, etc. (True / False)

6) The normal form of a gene, called the "wilting form" is the one seen only in normal plants? (True / False)

7) Genes occur in four types of combinations in adult plants; RRR, RRr, Rrr, rrr? (True / False)

8) Plants with only one type of gene (R or r) are called "pure breeding"? (True / False)

9) Plants with two forms of a gene (e.g. Rr) are said to be heterozygous. (True / False)

10) If the "R" form of a gene gives red flowered plants, then the mutant form of this gene "r" will give plants with no flowers. (True / False)

11) If a plant contains both the R and the r forms of the flower gene it will have no color and no flowers. (True / False)

12) Only plants with two mutant genes (rr) will have colorless flowers. (True / False)

13) Mendel saw that there was no observable pattern in the inheritance of his traits, even if he followed his experiments out for many generations. (True / False)

14) Mendel crossed two parental plants, collected and grew the seeds into the F1 generation, then crossed these F1 plants to get the F2 generation. (True / False)

15) At every generation, Mendel collected two seeds, planted these seeds and grew two plants for the next generation. (True / False)

16) Mendel counted the number of plants showing the trait, and counted the number of plants not showing the trait. (True / False)

17) He used these raw numbers to calculate the ratios of these two types of plants in each generation. (True / False)

18) Mendel saw that these simple ratios could be easily explained if his plants had a binary genotype. (True / False)

19) He called genes "elementes", and said that each plant had two of them for each trait (such as flower color). (True / False)

20) Diploid and haploid cells and organisms have at least two, almost identical genes for each trait. (True / False)

21) Diploid cells contain two sets of almost identical chromosomes. (True / False)

22) Haploid cells are found in the sex organs (flowers) of Mendel's plants. (True / False)

23) Male sex gametes are found in the pollen grains of Mendel's plants (True / False)

24) The "peas" that we eat at meal times are the seeds of the pea plant which contain the fertilized zygotes. (True / False)

25) Seeds grow into new plants only after they are fertilized. (True / False)